Économie

Économie, or “economics” in English, is the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. It examines how individuals, businesses, governments, and nations allocate resources to satisfy their needs and wants. The field is divided into two main branches: microeconomics, which focuses on the behavior of individuals and firms in making decisions about resource allocation, and macroeconomics, which looks at the economy as a whole and analyzes aggregate indicators such as GDP, unemployment rates, and inflation. Economics employs models and theories to understand complex interactions within markets and the effects of policies, aiming to explain how economic agents respond to changes in incentives and constraints. Additionally, it encompasses various schools of thought, each presenting different perspectives on market dynamics, governmental role, and the underlying principles guiding economic behavior. Overall, economics provides crucial insights into how societies function and the decision-making processes that shape economic outcomes.