Energy

Energy is the ability or capacity to do work, produce change, or perform an activity. It exists in various forms, including kinetic (motion), potential (stored energy), thermal (heat), chemical, electrical, nuclear, and electromagnetic. Energy can be transformed from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed, a principle known as the law of conservation of energy. In physics, energy is typically measured in joules (J) or calories.

In everyday usage, energy often refers to the capacity for physical or mental activity, as well as the consumption of resources to perform tasks, such as in the context of fuel or electricity. It plays a critical role in various fields, including mechanics, thermodynamics, and biology, impacting everything from machinery operation to biological processes in living organisms. Overall, energy is fundamental to understanding both natural phenomena and human-made systems.